Abstract: Saline-sodic soils are widely distributed in western Songnen Plain, as an important reserve agricultural resource, improving the soils through appropriate materials to make it suitable for crop growth and enhancing land productivity is required. To address this issue, we conducted a two-year field experiment using various soil amendments, including peat (PE), phosphogypsum (PG), desulfurized gypsum (DG), sheep manure (MU), and liquid amendment (LQ), with no amendment added as the control (CK). To overcome the spatial heterogeneity of saline-sodic soil, a Mixed Effect Model was used to analyze the changes in soil physicochemical properties before and after the application of amendments. The results show that after two years of applying amendments, PE, PG, DG, and LQ decrease soil pH by 0.13, 0.20, 0.24, and 0.82 units, while the soil electrical conductivity (EC) decreases by 34.2%, 58.3%, 15.3%, and 53.9% respectively, compared to pre-reclamation. In contrast, the MU and CK increase pH by 0.47 and 0.26 units, and EC by 76.4% and 107%, respectively. The PE and MU treatments increase soil organic matter (SOM) by 17.2% and 14.0% in the first year, but decrease SOM by 10.3% and 29.2% in the second year compared to pre-reclamation. While CK treatment decreases SOM by 28.6% and 41.4% in the first and second years, respectively, compared to pre-reclamation, no significant changes are found in PG, DG, and LQ treatments. All five amendment treatments significantly increase the soil quality index (P<0.05) with an increase ranging from 7.25% to 40.5%, and the most significant effect is found in LQ treatment, followed by MU treatment. Compared to CK, different treatments significantly increase rice yield (P<0.05) by 2.83 fold in PE, 3.95 fold in PG, 3.77 fold in DG, 3.83 fold in MU and 1.37 fold in LQ. Overall, the PG and MU treatments exhibit relatively better rice yield and input-output efficiency. However, in terms of individual soil indicators, both treatments pose a short-term risk of increasing soil salinity (EC) and must be accompanied by scientific irrigation and drainage measures to leach salts. Therefore, the selection of amendments must consider crop yield, soil quality, and economic costs. The appropriate configuration of mixed amendments, tailored to local conditions, is an important direction for the future development of saline-sodic soil improvement.